Basic Overview
Glucose is a form of sugar used by the body for energy. After eating, glucose enters the bloodstream. Insulin helps move glucose from the blood into the cells.
In type 2 diabetes, the body may not respond to insulin as well as it should. Over time, the pancreas may also have difficulty producing enough insulin to keep blood sugar within a healthy range.
How It May Affect the Body
- Energy levels may change throughout the day.
- Vision may become blurry when glucose levels fluctuate.
- Wounds may take longer to heal.
- Nerves in the feet or hands may be affected over time.
- Heart, kidney, and circulation health may need monitoring.
Common Warning Signs
- Feeling unusually thirsty
- Urinating more often
- Feeling tired without a clear reason
- Increased hunger
- Slow-healing cuts or infections
Common Tests and Checkups
A healthcare professional may use different tests to understand blood sugar patterns and overall health.
| Test | What It Helps Evaluate |
|---|---|
| A1C | Average blood sugar over the past few months. |
| Fasting Glucose | Blood sugar after not eating for a period of time. |
| Kidney Function Tests | How well the kidneys are working. |
| Eye Exam | Possible diabetes-related changes in vision or eye health. |
| Foot Exam | Circulation, sensation, and skin health in the feet. |
Helpful Daily Habits
- Eat regular, balanced meals.
- Include fiber-rich foods when possible.
- Stay hydrated with water.
- Move your body safely and consistently.
- Take medication exactly as prescribed.
Questions to Ask a Doctor
- How often should I check my blood sugar?
- What A1C goal is right for me?
- Should I schedule an eye or foot exam?
- Are my current medications still appropriate?
- What symptoms should I watch closely?
Important Safety Reminder
Diabetes care should be personalized. People should not stop, replace, or change prescribed medication without guidance from a qualified healthcare professional.